History of a Place: Kwara State

47

Kwara State occupies a unique place in Nigeria’s historical and cultural landscape. Often described as the bridge between the North and the South, the state has long served as a meeting point of people, trade, religion and ideas.

Created in 1967 from the former Northern Region, Kwara has grown into a symbol of coexistence, blending Yoruba, Nupe, Baruba and Fulani traditions into a shared identity that still defines its social life today.

Roots of a Historic State

The history of Kwara is deeply tied to Ilorin, its capital city. Ilorin began as a military outpost of the old Oyo Empire before evolving into an Islamic emirate in the early 19th century.

This dual heritage shaped the city’s character. While Islamic scholarship flourished under the Ilorin Emirate, Yoruba cultural practices remained strong. As a result, Ilorin developed into a city where mosques, churches and traditional institutions exist side by side.

Over time, Ilorin became a centre for trade, education and religious learning, attracting settlers from across Nigeria and beyond.

People and Identity

Kwara’s strength lies in its diversity. Yoruba communities dominate much of the state, particularly in Ilorin, Offa, Omu-Aran and Ogbomosho axis communities near the border. Nupe settlements are prominent in Edu and Patigi local government areas, while Baruba and Fulani communities add to the cultural mix.

This diversity explains why Kwara is often described as one of Nigeria’s most peaceful states. Intermarriage, shared festivals and communal tolerance remain common features of daily life.

Notable Sons and Daughters

Over the years, Kwara has produced influential figures in politics, academia, sports and religion.

Late Dr. Abubakar Olusola Saraki, former Senate Leader, played a major role in shaping modern Kwara politics. His son, Bukola Saraki, went on to serve as Governor of Kwara State and later President of the Nigerian Senate.

Kwara has also produced respected scholars, jurists and religious leaders, particularly from Ilorin, which is widely known for its Islamic clerics and Arabic scholars.

In sports, the state has contributed athletes and administrators, supported by institutions such as Kwara United Football Club.

Places That Tell the Story

Several locations across Kwara reflect its rich past and natural beauty.

The Esie Museum, home to Nigeria’s mysterious stone figures, remains one of the country’s most important archaeological sites. The origin of the statues is still debated, adding to their historical value.

Owu Waterfalls, near Owa-Kajola, stands as one of the highest waterfalls in West Africa. It attracts tourists seeking nature, adventure and quiet reflection.

In Ilorin, the Emir’s Palace, the Ilorin Central Mosque and old city walls offer insight into the emirate’s political and religious history.

The River Niger, flowing through parts of the state, continues to shape local economies and traditions, especially in riverine communities.

Food That Reflects Culture

Kwara cuisine mirrors its mixed heritage. Dishes such as tuwo, gbegiri, amala, ewedu and nupe-style rice meals are common across the state.

Street foods like masa, kosai and locally prepared snacks dominate morning markets, especially in Ilorin. Traditional meals are often shared communally, reinforcing the state’s culture of togetherness.

A State of Quiet Influence

Though not always loud on the national stage, Kwara’s influence remains steady. Its emphasis on education, religious tolerance and social balance has shaped generations of Nigerians.

Today, Kwara continues to evolve, balancing tradition with modern governance, tourism potential and youth-driven enterprise.

Its story is not one of noise or conflict, but of continuity a reminder that unity, when nurtured, can become a lasting legacy.